Print ad

The Print ad contains the three different newspaper cuttings for three different periods. The aim of the print ad is to smoke-free society targeted to Pennsylvania. It is identified In Pennsylvania, smoke-free laws protect health without harming the business.  It is witnessed by the print ads mentioned as follows:

The first ad indicates that “Restaurants, bars gain business under the smoke ban”.  It was published in Boston Globe on April 4, 2005, which indicated that the smoke ban resulted in bars on gain on the business. It belongs to the initial level.  After some time, there was another advertisement i.e. “Revenues up from smoke-free bars, restaurants” which was published on September 1, 2005, in the Associated Press. It was an indication that slowly smoke-free is being encouraged by the society.  In the last advertisement, it is shown that “Cig Ban No Bar Burden” published on July 25, 2006, in New York Post. It is clear-cut cigarette ban will not effect on the business and it is not burdened to the business.

The print ad definitely tries to change the attitude of smokers thereby leaving habit of smoking. The first ad indicates that there is will be loss on the business when ban is on smoke. But after sometime i.e. just after 5 months, it was noticed that revenues were increased though ban on smoking particularly at smoke-free bars and restaurants.  It is an indication that nonsmokers are much attractive with non-smoking areas. The final ad is that there will not be any burden when ban on cigarettes which will be clear proof that much of the people interested with non-smoking.

The laws aimed to protect the health of the human beings and workers so that all workplaces will be environmentally free. There will be an adverse impact for every issue. The studies indicate that such smoke-free laws do not have an adverse impact on the society.  Due to the smoking, cancer, heart disease and other serious illnesses badly affect the body.  The smokeless environment is only the approach for better protection by non-smokers.

What potential benefits can medical treatments using stem cells provide (part 2)

Stem Cell Research

The therapies being researched stand to decrease human suffering by unheard-of levels. They are replete with cures for multiple types of cancer, liver disease, sickle-cell anemia, and more. However, less than a handful are beyond the earliest stages of development, and even the most basic clinical studies are years—up to a decade or more1—in the future. Slightly more than $1 billion was spent on stem cell work in 2005, which again sounds like an impressive sum. (Carrier et al 2007) However, when compared to the total amount spent globally on health-care R&D, it’s less than stellar: a mere 1 percent. (Carrier et al 2007) The analysis cited also takes into account the potential hobbles of heavy government regulation and environmental concerns. Both are highly likely, given the public’s uneasiness with topics related to cloning and human embryos.

Predictions of the Scientists

The consultants at Bain & Company predict a far more modest forecast of a $100-million market for stem cell therapies by the end of this decade. (Carrier et al 2007) By 2015, the forecast is more optimistic, rising to $2 billion worldwide. (Carrier et al 2007) Again, impressive numbers when viewed in isolation. And yet one cannot help but notice that the conservative forecast for the decade disagrees with the optimistic one pushed by stem cell boosters by a factor of 100. The same ratio holds in the amount spent on health-care R&D: For every dollar spent on stem cells, $100 is placed elsewhere. (Carrier et al 2007)

Investment in Stem Cells

Another interesting fact is that more than four-fifths of the global investment in stem cells has come from governments. Private venture capital, the traditional engine of biotech start-ups, pumped an anemic $50 million into the field in 2005. (Carrier et al 2007) The trend is sharply higher today, but why has it taken seven years from the time the first stem cell lines were made available to even start to grow? The real issue at hand for the stem cell industry is funding: specifically, federal funding. Due to the compromise worked out by President Bush and the religious conservative wing of his party, federal funding is only available to firms that are working with stem cell lines derived from human embryos before August 9, 2001. (Carrier et al 2007)

There was a strong backlash against this decision by groups who wanted to press stem cell research forward as quickly as possible. Proposition 71 passed by California voters to hand over $3 billion in state money, was only the beginning. (Carrier et al 2007) Just as California tends to set trends for the rest of the country in terms of culture, the West Coast’s cutting-edge initiative system tends to do the same thing. California’s measure has set off similar legislative issues in other states.

When most people talk about cloning, they generally mean the copying of the entire organism, as in the case of Dolly the sheep. Since this is the kind of cloning that yields offspring, for clarity it is called reproductive cloning. At present, researching this kind or cloning to create new human beings is shunned in the scientific community, and nations that have any laws on the books at all in regards to stem cell research and cloning embryos expressly forbid the reproductive cloning of humans. When discussing the benefits of stem cell research, however, what is actually being discussed is therapeutic cloning. This is when embryonic stem cells are harvested from the newly created embryo and expanded in a culture dish. (Holland et al 2006) Though the goal in therapeutic cloning is different, both types of cloning yield a clump of cells that has the potential to grow into a whole organism.

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United 93 (part 2)

Events on United 93

The hijackers of the flight united 93 did not prevent the passengers from making calls. When the passenger came to know about the attacks on the World Trade Centre and the Pentagon, they understand what actually was going on.

Passengers Reaction

They realized that if they will do nothing than they will also die. So they made last calls to their friends and family and told them about their intentions. They did planning how they can get rid of them. They use the weapons which were available on the flight which includes the cutlery, wine bottles, a fire extinguisher etc. When they came to know that one of the passengers knew how to fly they used their weapons for retaking the control of plane (Peale, 2003). On the other hand, the remaining passengers were trying to know about the bomb that whether it is real or fake. When they were sure about the fakeness of the bomb they attack Al-Haznawi who was assembling with the bomb. Then the passenger killed him with a fire extinguisher. In the meanwhile, the situation in the cockpit was becoming more complicated as the passengers and hijackers were still fighting. In one of the attacks by the hijackers on the passengers, the passengers lose their balance and the passenger who was flying the plane lose the control and the plane goes into an angled nosedive towards the ground.

What happened next?

This shows the courageous acts made it impossible for the hijackers to hit on their targets. Although they all die but they were succeed in their mission. This shows that it was just because of the passengers of the flight United 93, which kept the hijackers away from their target and save the other thousands of people which otherwise would die if the flight United 93 attacked on it target. This film has influenced different issues. One of the major was the limited resources and restricted procedures of the Air force. It has been said that if the Airforce had a confidence about themselves and their strategies than they would be able to save the lives of thousands of people in the flight and the workers of the World Trade Centre (Pauling, 1988). It emphasizes that the air force and military must correct their shortcomings and improve responses to terrorism. If the actions were not taken by the passengers than the results would be different and more disastrous. Their extreme measures of overpowering the hijackers show how much they were confident about themselves which helped them a lot in fighting with the hijackers. Including this, this film influenced many other people as it seems that everyone has lost his loved one who was in flight United 93. Many people think that they are alive just because of that 37 passengers who were flying in flight United 93 because if they had not fight with the hijackers than it might happen that they were the targets of the hijackers.

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What potential benefits can medical treatments using stem cells provide (part 1)

What potential benefits can medical treatments using stem cells provide?

Within the scope of this research, we will assess the potential benefits that medical treatment using stem cells can provide. The term “cell” comes from the Latin word cella, or “small room.” (Potten et al 2006) Robert Hooke, a seventeenth-century Renaissance man, coined the term when he first peered through his handcrafted, leather- and gold-tooled microscope at a piece of cork. Reportedly, he came up with the name when the little cells he saw through the microscope reminded him of the small rooms that housed medieval monks. (Green 2001) In humans and other forms of animal life, stem cells are the special, primal structures in the body that retain two special traits: first, the ability to divide indefinitely, and second, the ability to differentiate into other cell types.

These traits are at the root of why stem cells are a source of both order and chaos, representing miracle cure and a societal curse. Specifically, the cells that show the most potential can only be retrieved with great difficulty—and through the destruction of a human embryo. It’s possible that these “embryonic” stem cells may lead to great things in the future, lint in the here and now, religious conservatives see their destruction as nothing more than a high-tech form of cannibalism. Belief over what is right permeates the field of stem cell study and its researchers.

The race to nail down venture capital for stem cell research is still wide open. Compared to the dot-com days, where venture capital was flowing in like a tidal wave, the behavior of the high-risk start-up “angel” investors strikes many as puzzling. While there is a great deal of media coverage about the great things that are just around the corner, the fact is that when a private investor moves to support the industry, it still makes headlines. To take one example. New York City Mayor Michael Bloomberg has donated $100 million to John Hopkins University. (Carrier et al 2007) Even though an unspecified portion of the donation was to support stem cell research, the news reports touted this as a major—if not the sole—reason for the philanthropy. It is also more than a little interesting that other private investors have been much more active in spending money to encourage state government funding, as opposed to direct donation.

Some securities analysts have forecast that by 2010, the market for stem cell technologies will exceed $10 billion. (Carrier et al 2007) These are very heady numbers, ones that would make most investment firms salivate. But others have taken a look at these numbers and dismissed them as the same type of math that led to the over-valuation of the dot-com companies and their subsequent meltdown. According to The Economist, consultants with the firm Bain &c Company have taken a much more sober look at the state of the nascent industry. As of early 2006, there are now roughly 140 stem-cell-related products in development. (Carrier et al 2007) Again, depending on which end of the telescope one looks into, this can look promising or underwhelming.

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My Career

Introduction

The destiny of a person is very important and it all depends on choices that are made early in life and not later. Among the important things in life is a career path of an individual right from grade one upwards to grade twelve. This paper analyzes how a career should be selected and what important things or issues to consider when choosing a career.

My Career

It takes some effort to get to the right track in conjunction with careers as there are many challenges that are associated with choosing these careers, however it is not the same for many young people as (Allen…103) says that “A person can have an overwhelming number of things and still function clearly and positively”. Young women and men sometimes face problems in choosing careers for the reason that there are role models that they emulate and some of them and in fact many of them are under pressure from parents to do what they want and even to be what they are, for instance, if parents are doctors or lawyers or engineers they could want their sons and daughters to take this career course regardless of their qualifications and ambitions. But this is a wrong way of doing things as (Howse, Hugh & Marshall…167) notes clearly that, “it is unwise to encourage a child to be a quitter; on the other hand serious damage can be done in forcing children in situations where they are desperately unhappy”. For my case parents have been very supportive to this end.

Since childhood the dream career is to become an engineer and the engineering field is too wide from material engineering to environmental engineering. For this case, Civil Engineering is the career in heart and many colleges and universities in the world offer Civil Engineering. There are so many points that are taken into consideration and they vary from one institution to the other i.e. admission requirements, tuition, accommodation, students’ co-curricular activities and many others as (Maxwell…32) notes that, “there is great significance on less considered questions of how, when and where when plans are laid to achieve an objective”. The best colleges and universities are technical or technological and science-oriented ones, for example, Minnesota State University and Michigan State University. However, for my choice, it is Minnesota state university which has slightly lower tuition fees, a flexible work-study program and ranked among the top-notch universities in the United States of America and the world. With its good name and exemplary performance, many employers book students in advance to get them early to work for them. This is the unique reason as to why I have chosen this university. The undergraduates work as interns in the various field concerned with Civil Engineering while they are studying and some have had arrangements to work there during holidays like summer holidays for wages. With all the above benefits, the admission requirements are very stringent which need higher grades from high school and college to obtain an admission. Research facilities in the institution are state-of-the-art.

Nevertheless, anything good comes with its costs. Many other universities and colleges are costly when it comes to engineering courses but Minnesota University if a little lower which is average $31,000 plus all other expenses apart from personal expenses. This may not be a burden to many people as there is a stable study-work programme.  The arrangement of the university and potential employers to attach the students of all fields more especially Civil Engineering has admirably enhanced work experience of students. The slightly lower fees have enabled many a student to complete their studies in time and smoothly without interruption. The combination of these two points i.e. lower fees and industrial attachment have assured many students that they may not miss opportunities I among them during this economic crisis all over the world.

Students’ welfare right away from relating with others, that is to say, communication to assistance from the Department of Civil Engineering has reduced the stress that is associated with this field of my liking as (Stewart…78) “Listening skill itself is handy in not only solving conflicts but improves and natures interpersonal contact”. The units covered in this faculty are transferable to hundreds of colleges within and without the country and this is an important point to consider in case of an internship abroad.

Conclusion

So often when there is a good start, always the end is very beneficial and satisfactory. Personally, I am happy and on the way to success whereby it will be a crown of contentment to my parents, friends, community and a country as a whole. It will be a dream-come-true. The best focus when choosing a career is based on the marketability of the field of study during hard and soft times. My success which is around the corner will be an encouragement and a light to other many young people from my locality and a country as a whole.

Time periods

The period refers to the settlers from the German regions of Anglo and Saxony. The settlers made a way to Britain after the fall of Roman Empire during AD of 410.  From the late 5th century, Anglo-Saxons began to inhabit the area. Consequently, the Anglo-Saxons brought their own religious belief. But most of them converted to Christianity when Saint Augustine arrived in 597. The period of Anglo-Saxons ended for 600 years i.e 410 to 1066. During that period many changes appeared in Britain with respect to the political scene.

The old English literary works were developed like epic poetry, hagiography, sermons, Bible translations, legal works, chronicles, riddles etc. Out of them, 400 surviving manuscripts exist. The most famous work is Beowulf which mentioned as a status of Britain. The Anglo-Saxon arrival ended Britain’s involvement with Roman culture and institutions. The Anglo-Saxons almost entirely by non-British teachers such as Irish, Frankish Gaul, Rome etc. The achievement of the Anglo-Saxon was remarkable with respect to cultural, religions, economic, political, art, architecture etc.

The Anglo-Saxon literature has gone for research for the different periods i.e. 19th and early 20th century,
literary merits and at present on paleography. The period in literature was described as Old English particularly for the period of 650 to 1100. Some familiar works include Widsith, Beowulf and Caedmon.  The work Widsith is one of the earliest Old English poems belong to the 7th century.  With respect of Beowulf, it belongs to oldest surviving Germanic epic and longest important poem in Old English. It was composed by Christian poet.

The arrival of Saint Augustine in AD 597 much linked with Sub-Roman Britain and history of Britain from the end of the Roman Imperial rule. It is attracted the academic and popular debate.  The written material such as Saint Patric and Gildas available for the period.  The highlighting the Christianity at the time was contributed by Patrick’s Confessio.

United 93 (part 1)

A movie based on true events of September 11, 2001, showcases the hijacking of one of four airplanes which were not able to hit its target. The inspirational movie states the courageous acts of the passengers when they knew that this was a suicidal mission and the end can be a lot more disastrous if they could not take extreme measures in the current time of an event. The movie is influential in its whole sense of filming as the real events were perceived and then implemented in a movie.

Plot of the Film

The film opens early on the morning of September 11, 2001, when the hijackers were busy in their work and then they left for Newark International Airport. At the airport passengers board United Airlines Flight 93 along with the hijackers. This flight delayed due to the traffic but the other three flights which were later hijacked take off. In the beginning, first, the American Airline Flight 11 has crashed the North Tower of the World Trade Centre. The air traffic controllers who were monitoring the all the current flights were unaware of that attack. They just knew that American Flight 11 has taken a southern turn towards New York City.  They tried to make sense of it that what happens to that flight and what makes it to turn New York City. During this CNN internationally telecast the smoke of World Trade Centre which then makes it clear and open to them that they are dealing with Hijacking. Soon they realized that the other flight is also hijacked which is United Airline Flight 175. The Air traffic controllers alert the U.S Air Force but they were in confusion whether to shoot all the hijacked flights or not. Soon they saw that another flight 175 crashed into the South Tower of the World Trade Centre. This created a great influence on the people, air traffic controllers, and air force. The air traffic controllers were unable to control the situation as the hijackers were attacking one after the other. On the other hand, the air force got the authority to take actions against the hijackers but their efforts are hampered by limited resources and restrictive procedures. The terrorists sitting in the Flight United 93 came to know that planes have crashed the World Trade Centre, they decided to hijack the United 93. One out of four hijackers harassed the passengers by assembling a fake bomb. The other three went into the cockpit and overpower the pilots. They put a photo of their target and by this time they came to know that Flight 77 has crushed The Pentagon. The attack on the Pentagon made the Air traffic controllers to shut down all airspace in the United States and ground every single flight because they were not enough to fight and respond to the hijackers.

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The states role in the cultivation of the female ideal throughout Chinese history (part 6)

National Crisis

In her section on ‘Nationalist and Feminist Discourses on Jianmei (Robust Beauty) throughout China’s “National Crisis” in the 1930s’, Gao values the Shanghai every week women’s periodical Linglong as ‘a multi-vocal space for women’ (p. 109) to interrogate moving connotations of the notion of ‘robust beauty’ in relative to a varied feminine readership’s inquiries, answers and facts on present fads and fashion. Coming from distinct components of built-up humanity, these readers simultaneously with writers and reviewers offered a flawless computer display for philosophical discourses, informative missionizing and polemical propaganda that turned in specific Europe and the USA into both reflector and catalyst for new main headings at home. A complicated textual investigation (an investigation of a nation’s inscriptions on the feminine body) delicacies of moving localized notions of feminism, stereotyping (with ‘an intriguing rotate of racial dynamics’, p. 115) of ‘Western’ and ‘Chinese’ feminine attractiveness, of an appearing heritage of personal fitness joined to the ‘fitness’ of the territory and of interior dissension over localized emulations of alien ideas that sat uneasily with personal, heritage and communal truths in which the readers of Linglong discovered themselves.

Chinese Cultural Revolution

Jin Yihong’s study, deserving ‘Rethinking the “Iron Girls”: Gender and Labour throughout the Chinese Cultural Revolution’, extends with inquiries over the state’s mobilization of women employees, its significances for a gendered partition of work as well as for gender relatives and, more exactly, for women themselves. Symbolic of the liberation discourse throughout the Cultural Revolution, the function forms renowned as Iron Girls came to exemplify the influential Maoist decree that ‘men and women are the same’. Indeed, its leverage comes to into Chinese Communist Party rhetoric forming present gender politics. The Iron Girls, as Jin’s study illustrates, became a helpful, ideologically productive propaganda device for the Party to determination stress over work deployment but furthermore assisted other reasons, expanding command by the work unit over women and family. The force to outdo each other made these Iron Girls groups highly comparable, requiring although of their constituents tremendous pain and sacrifice.

In a perceptive investigation of women’s own evaluation of their function and the advantages reaped from such dedication, Jin remarks women’s focus on obligation, obligation and forfeit over a claim to rights. She brings out the distinction between country and built-up Iron Girls, with the previous taking on added responsibilities and occupations, without being reassured at dwelling from customary household tasks. Moreover, a devaluation of customary ‘female duties’ expanded the force to present in ideologically worthy roles. Whilst the unfastening up of new paid work conveyed with it new exhilaration over expanded communal and personal mobility as well as delight over employed inside assemblies of like-minded women, as Jin’s anecdotes illustrate so well, the personal charges and household stress made these Iron Girls groups short-lived. As the title shows, in the country localities, only unmarried young women could relish the liberty of paid work not allocated to wed women. This was else in built-up localities where childcare provisions and altering well-liked mind-set glimpsed wed women connect the ranks of working classes.

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